Before Chalcedon
Carthage, North Africa
Condemned
Also: Coelestius
⭐ Olson does not mention him at all, yet according to González he was Augustine's actual opponent in North Africa — Pelagius passed through Africa and went on to the East, and Coelestius, whom his master left behind, later became, as González puts it, Augustine's chief opponent in the Pelagian controversy. Olson writes the controversy as Augustine vs. Pelagius, but those two never met. Leave this man out, and the picture of what actually happened is wrong.
Below: first his own position, then the church’s verdict — kept separate. A rejected opinion keeps equal weight here.
His own position
One formal definition of his survives in his Definitions, as Augustine quotes them in On Man's Perfection in Righteousness, ch. 2: “If it is unavoidable, then it is not sin.” Our sources do not set out his other views in detail; what can be established is his role: Pelagius's disciple, friend and apostle. González records that he was far from meek.
The church’s verdict
Condemned together with Pelagius. Pope Zosimus for a time supported him and Pelagius, and only later changed his mind and condemned them both.
Threads he belongs to
Grace and Free Will
Round 1 · The Pelagian Controversy Counterclaim ⭐ Augustine's actual opponent in North Africa was this man, not Pelagius — those two never met in their lives.