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Missionary Database

Jean-François Gerbillon

张诚  ·  1654 – 1707  ·  French

← Back to Missionaries Updated 2026-10-27

💬 Famous Quotes

"Jean-François Gerbillon (1654-1707), a French Jesuit, reached China in 1687 with Joachim Bouvet and others, and the Kangxi Emperor kept him at court for his scientific learning. In 1689 he and Thomas Pereira served as interpreters in the negotiations for the Treaty of Nerchinsk; afterwards he often travelled with the emperor beyond the Great Wall, fixing the latitude and longitude of many places, and wrote works on geometry. In 1692 he obtained an edict granting the free exercise of the Christian religion; after Gerbillon and Bouvet attended the emperor through a fever, Kangxi gave them a site for a chapel and residence. He died in Beijing in 1707."

📋 Basic Information

👤 Gender
Male
🏴 Nationality
French
✝️ Religion
Catholicism
⛪ Denomination
Catholic
🏛️ Order / Mission
Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
🌍 Mission Region
China
🏯 Historical Era
Qing dynasty
1654
Born
Verdun, France
1687
Mission Began
Age 33
1707
Mission Ended
Age 53
1707
Passed Away
Age 53
Beijing, China
🏷️ Tags
missionary Jesuit

📖 Biography

Jean-François Gerbillon (4 July 1654 – 27 March 1707), Chinese name Zhang Cheng (张诚), courtesy name Shizhai (实斋), was a French Jesuit missionary.

Early life

He was born in 1654 in Verdun, France, and joined the Society of Jesus in 1670. In 1684 he was chosen by King Louis XIV of France to be sent to China as a missionary, and was given the title of "King's Mathematician" and made a member of the French Academy of Sciences.

Career

In 1688 (the 26th year of Kangxi), Gerbillon, Jean de Fontaney, Joachim Bouvet, Claude de Visdelou and Louis Le Comte, five in all, arrived in Beijing. Gerbillon and Bouvet were kept at court by the Kangxi Emperor to teach him Western learning, and they compiled and translated works of Western learning such as Elements of Geometry and Principles of Philosophy. In 1689 (the 28th year of Kangxi), by order of the Kangxi Emperor, he joined the Qing government's delegation together with Tomás Pereira and served as interpreter in the border negotiations with Tsarist Russia that produced the Treaty of Nerchinsk. He died in Beijing in 1707.

Works

  • Manchu Dictionary, in four volumes
  • Elements of Geometry
  • Geometry
  • Principles of Philosophy
  • Gerbillon's Diary

📚 Major Works

Records of Eight Journeys into Tartary 1688-1698
Observations of geography and customs from eight expeditions deep into Manchuria and Mongolia made at the command of the Kangxi Emperor; of great value for natural history and geography.
Elements of Geometry (Chinese translation) 1689-1690
A Chinese translation of European works on geometry, used to teach Western mathematics to the Kangxi Emperor.
Outline of Tartar Grammar c. late 17th century
A linguistic work systematically describing the structure of the Manchu and Mongolian languages; an important early European document in the study of the Altaic languages.

📚 References & Sources

📖 Wikipedia (ZH)